Violin Sound

Vibrating String The fundamental vibrational mode of a stretched string is such that the wavelength is twice the length of the string. Applying the basic wave relationship gives an expression for the fundamental frequency: Since the wave velocity is given by , the frequency expression
can be put in the form: The string will also vibrate at all harmonics of the fundamental. Each of these harmonics will form a standing wave on the string.

Harmonics An ideal vibrating string will vibrate with its fundamental frequency and all harmonics of that frequency. The position of nodes and antinodes is just the opposite of those for an open air column.